Wrench



J. H. A. CARR.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION HLE SEPT. 10, 1919,

Patented Dec 21, 1920.

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WRENCH.

FILED l9. 1,3623%5 Patented Dec. 21,1920;

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A p! jr' I'M W naw/Alex I k (2W7 r 3 a r v amour UNITED STATES PATENT @FFICE.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 21, 1920.

Application filed September 10, 1919. Serial No. 322,769.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES H. A. CARR, a citizen of the United States, residing at McKees Rocks, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Wrench, of which the following is a specification.

The device forming the subject matter of this application is a wrench, and one object of the invention is to provide a wrench which may be operated in places where room is limited, the wrench being of but little thickness, and possessing none of the bulkiness or thickness of a common wrench.

Another object of the invention is to provide novel means whereby an extremely accurate cooperation between the fixed and movable jaws may be secured.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel pawl construction, for adj usting the movable jaw and to supply novel means under the control of an operator for actuating the pawl mechanism.

It is within the provinceof the disclosure to improve generally and to enhance the utility of devices of that type to which the invention appertains.

With theabove and other objects in view, which will appear as"the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combmation and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that within the scope of what is claimed, changes in the precise embodiment of the invention shown can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the accompanying drawmgsz- Figure 1 shows in side elevation, a wrench constructed in accordance with the invention; Fig. 2 is a side elevation wheremparts have been broken away; Fig. 3 1s a cross section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a sectional side elevation showing a modification; Fig. 5 is a side elevation showingthe invention embodied in a pipe wrench; Fig. 6 is a fragmental side elevation showing a further modification; and Fig. 7 is a section on the line 77 of- Fig. "6. I

The wrench disclosed 'n Figs. 1, 2 and 3 includes a handle 1 carrying a fixed jaw 2, the handle 1 being supplied upon one edge with a rack A rider denoted generally the end 21 of the rider.

by the numeral 4:, is mounted for reciprocat on on the handle 1. The rider 4 may be yariously constructed, but, in the present instance, it includes a plate 5 having fingers 6 overhanging the outer edge of the handle 1 to guide the rider 4 in reciprocating movement on the handle and to maintain the rider engaged with the handle. The plate 5 which constitutes a part of the rider, is provided with an extension 7 to which a filler 8 is secured by rivets 9 or otherwise, the parts 7 and 8 defining a movable jaw 10 coacting with the fixed jaw 2 on the handle 1. It is obvious that, if desired,the filler 8 may be formed in one piece with the plate 5, instead of being attached by the rivets 9. The inner end of the filler 8 slides on the edge of the handle 1 and coacts with the fingers 6 to form a slidable mounting for the rider.

The invention includes an operating member 11 mounted for right line reciprocation on the plate 5 of the rider 4, in a direction parallel to the handle 1, the operating member being provided with a slot 12, receiving slidably, a securing device 14, such as a rivet,

the securing device being mounted in the plate 5. At its forward end, the operating member 11 is supplied with a reduced stem 15 mounted to slide in an opening 16 fashioned in the edge of the part 8 of the movable jaw 10. The rear end 21 of the operating member 11 projects beyond the rear end of the rider 4, so that the operating member may be slid to the left (Fig. 2), when the thumb of the operator is pressed against A compression spring 17 is mounted in the opening 16 and coacts with the stem 15 of the operating member 11 to slide the operating member to the right in Fig. 2.

The invention comprises a plurality of pawls 18,19 and 20, adapted to cooperate, one at a time, with the teeth of the rack 3, the pawls being pivotally mounted on the plate 5 of the rider t by rivets or other suitable elements, indicated at 22. The rivets or pivot elements 22 are so located that the pawls18, 19 and 20 coact, one at a time, with the teeth of the rack 3, and, thus, a very fine adjustment may be obtained between the movable jaw 10 and the fixed jaw 2. There is a distinct advantage in forming the pawls 18, 19 and 20 alike, and locatin he pivot.

- formed in the inner edge of the operating member 11. Springs 26 may be secured to the pawls 18 and 19, the ends of the springs bearing against the operating member 11,

and serving to hold the said pawls 18 and 19 in operative relation to'the rack 3.

In a wrench designed to withstand severe usage, the pawls may be double-ended, as

indicated at 25 in Fig. 4. In Fig. 4 parts hereinbefore described have been designated jo y numerals previously used, with the sutfix In practical operation, the rider 4 may be advanced and thepawls '18, 19 and 20 may be disengaged from the rack 3, by sliding the operating member 11 to the left in Fig. 2, thumb pressure being supplied to the end 21 of the operating member, and the spring,

17 being compressed. When the pressure against the end 21 of the operating member 11 is relieved, the spring 17 reacts and slides the operating memberto the right in Fig. 2, the pawls 18, 19 and 20 being tilted on their pivotal mountings 22, since the projections 23 on the pawls are received in the seats 24 of the member 11. In this way, any pawl which is properly positioned to engage with a tooth of the rack 3, will do so, thus holding the'movable jaw 10 in proper relation to the work and to the fixed jaw 2. Owing to the way in which the pawls 18, 19'and 20 c0- operate with the rack 3, a fine adjustment may be obtained, and the fineness of this adjustment, it is to be noted, is not regulated by the distance between the teeth of the rack 3, it being possible to obtain a much closer adjustment than that represented by the distance between the adjoining teeth on the rack.

It is not mandatorythat the invention be embodied in the specific form delineated in Figs/1, 2 and 3. Thus, in Fig. 5, the invention has been shown as constituting part of a pipe wrench of the Stillson type, the wrench including a member 27 having a fixed jaw 28. The handle appears at 29 and carries a jaw 30 cooperating with the jaw 28. The rider is shown at 31 and thefinger, corresponding to the part 6, at 32. The member 27 has a stop screw 33 coacting with the handle 29. The end of the operating member appears at 34 and the pivots for the pawls at 35, the member 27 having a rack 38 wherewith the pawls coact. The handle 29 is pivoted at36 to the rider 31. One end of a spring 37 is secured to the handle 29,

the otherend of the spring. being received within the finger 32, the spring 37 exercising called.

In Fig. 6, the parts hereinbefore described, in connection withFigs. 1 and 2, have been designated by numerals previously used, with the sufiix b. In this form of the invention, a jaw 40 is pivoted at 41 to the plate 5 of the rider 4*, the jaw having a recess shown at 42, to receive the forward end of the plate 5*, said end of the plate engaging the wall of the recess to take the strain off the pivot element 41 when the jaw is tilted. I

It will be obvious from the foregoing that the wrench forming the subject matter of this application is capable of an accurate adjustment with respect to a nut or other object which is to be rotated. Further, noting the cross sectional contour of the wrench, as shown in Fig. 3, it will be seen that the wrench is relatively small in cross section, and that it can be operated in places where space is limited. I i

7 Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is i 1. A wrench comprising a member having said member, and a filler on the plate and slidable with said plate along the rack,'the filler havingan opening'in its inner edge; a plurality of pawls pivoted intermediate their ends upon the plate for swinging movement, and cooperating, at one end, one at a time, with the rack; an operating member interengaged with the other endof'each pawl and having a slot, one end of'the operating member fitting closely but slidably inthe opening, and the other end of the operating member projecting beyond the plate;

a compression springhoused in the opening and engaging the first specified end of the operating member; and a supporting .element carried by the plate and received in the slot of the operating member, the supporting element and the first specified end of the op erating member constituting means for guiding the operating member for right'line sliding movement. I i

2. A wrench comprising a shank having a fixed jaw and provided with a rack; a plate slidable on one side of the shank and hav ing a finger extendedaroun'd one edge of the shank and terminated in spaced relation to the rack a filler on the plate and adapted to slide on the rack, the filler being of the same thickness as the shank, the shank being exposed throughout its length, between the In testimony that I claim the foregoing as finger and the filler; a pawl cofiperating my own, I have hereto aflixed my signature with the rack; and an operating member in in the presence of two Witnesses.

terengaged With the pawl and slidable on JAMES H. A. CARR. 5 the plate behind the filler, the operating Witnesses:

member being of substantially the same WM. N. MoNAm,

thickness as the filler. JOSEPH A. RICHARDSON. 

